Side Reins for Horses: An Essential Training Tool

What Are Side Reins

Side reins are a type of training equipment used in horse riding. They are long, adjustable straps that attach at one end to the bit rings of the horse's bridle and at the other end to the girth of the saddle or a surcingle (a belt-like item that goes around the horse's girth area but doesn't involve a saddle).

The purpose of side reins is to help a horse maintain a certain head carriage, encouraging it to move forward while staying balanced and engaged. They are used to promote a proper frame (the outline of the horse's body from the front view) and help the horse develop the correct musculature for carriage and balance.

Side reins can be beneficial in teaching a horse how to accept contact with the bit, carry itself more effectively, and develop better balance and strength. However, it's important to note that they should be used correctly and thoughtfully to avoid causing discomfort or harm to the horse. Misuse of side reins can lead to tension, resistance, or even injury. Therefore, it's often advised to use them under the guidance of a knowledgeable trainer.

How To Adjust Side Reins

The crux of side reins utilization lies in the correct adjustment of their length. Adjusted to keep the horse's head in a natural position with slight vertical flexion at the poll, they effectively engage the horse's topline muscles.

However, if they're too tight, the horse may over-flex, disturbing their natural balance. Conversely, loose reins may not engage the topline muscles efficiently. Gradual adjustments, while closely monitoring the horse's responses, ensure optimal comfort and effectiveness.

Side Reins Across Disciplines

Though commonly seen in dressage training, side reins offer benefits across other disciplines such as show jumping and eventing. Here, they can enhance the horse's balance and adjustability, enabling more efficient performance over fences or on cross-country courses. However, always ensure their use complements other training techniques under the guidance of a knowledgeable trainer or instructor.

Types of Side Reins For Horses

Different types of side reins cater to varied purposes. The elastic ones provide the horse with more freedom to move its head and neck and are excellent for young horses or beginners. On the other hand, fixed side reins are suitable for advanced horses comfortable with contact concept and promote balance and engagement. Lastly, running reins, attached to the girth and run through the bit rings back to the rider's hands, are perfect for horses inclined to lean on the bit or elevate their heads too high.

Special Types of Side Reins

Running reins

These reins help control the horse’s head carriage and promote good posture. They should be adjusted to neither cause discomfort nor be too loose to control the horse’s head carriage effectively.

German reins

Also known as side reins, they encourage the horse to maintain a consistent frame and engage their hindquarters. They are particularly useful for inexperienced horses needing guidance in developing their musculature and balance.

Elastic reins

Elastic reins help the horse maintain steady and consistent head carriage, crucial for balance and movement. They encourage horses to engage their core muscles, enhancing balance and coordination.

Chambon reins

Chambon reins help promote a more rounded frame by applying pressure to the horse's poll and encouraging them to stretch their neck and back muscles. Overuse or misuse can, however, lead to incorrect muscle development.

Pessoa reins

Pessoa reins are designed to encourage the horse to engage their hindquarters and lift their back, promoting proper carriage and balance. The elastic inserts in the reins allow the horse to move more freely and help horses learn to carry themselves in a more collected manner.

Always remember, while side reins can be instrumental in training, misuse or overuse can lead to discomfort or injury.

It's always essential to prioritize the horse's safety and well-being and to engage them under the supervision of a knowledgeable trainer.

How to Use Side Reins

Side reins are useful tools to help your horse develop balance, strength, and suppleness, but they must be used correctly to avoid harm. Here's a practical guide to using them effectively:

1. Adjust the Side Reins Appropriately

Side reins should be adjusted to allow your horse to find a comfortable, natural head position. Neither too tight nor too loose, the ideal adjustment prevents tension and resistance but still serves their purpose.

2. Incorporate Them Into a Broader Training Program

Don't use side reins in isolation. Include them in a comprehensive training program that incorporates longeing, riding, and groundwork for a well-rounded horse physique.

3. Monitor Your Horse's Response

Pay attention to your horse's response when using side reins. If they seem tense, resistant, or uncomfortable, it's time to adjust the reins or stop using them. Always prioritize your horse's well-being.

Choosing the Right Length and Type of Side Reins

Several factors like the horse's training level, experience, conformation, and build come into play when choosing the appropriate length and type of side reins. Keep in mind that elastic side reins offer more movement freedom, while fixed ones provide consistent contact.

Benefits of Using Side Reins

Side reins improve balance, flexibility, and performance. They promote a rounder frame, prevent the horse from pulling against the rider's hands, and help maintain steady contact. However, they should be used correctly and the level of engagement should be increased gradually.

Working in a Frame with Side Reins

Side reins can be an effective tool for encouraging your horse to work in a frame. Start gradually and never over-tighten. Consistent use and proper training will enable the horse to work comfortably within the frame.

Developing Balance and Self-Carriage with Side Reins

Side reins can help your horse achieve balance and self-carriage. Start slowly and increase tension gradually. Use them in various exercises like lunging, long-lining, and riding to help your horse develop a stronger topline and improve body awareness.

Strengthening the Horse's Topline Muscles with Side Reins

Side reins apply pressure to encourage your horse to work in a rounder frame, resulting in a stronger topline. However, they should be used cautiously under a knowledgeable trainer's guidance.

Drawbacks of Using Side Reins

Despite their benefits, side reins can cause overflexing and limit natural movement if not used properly. This could lead to muscle tension and discomfort, or worse, injury. Therefore, consider other training methods that prioritize the horse's well-being and natural movement.

Risks of Overuse or Misuse

Overuse or misuse of side reins can cause health issues, including stiffness, decreased performance, and physical damage. Use them responsibly, in moderation, and according to your horse's individual needs.

Limitations of Side Reins

Side reins cannot address the horse's mental state or emotional well-being and might hinder progress in training if they lead to tension, resistance, or fear. So, incorporate other training methods to address the horse's mental and physical needs.

Risk of Injury if Used Improperly

Incorrect use of side reins can lead to severe injury ranging from mild muscle stiffness to strained ligaments or broken bones. Therefore, always use side reins under the guidance of a knowledgeable trainer.

Alternatives to Side Reins

If you're seeking gentler alternatives to side reins, consider elastic training aids, neck stretchers, or a Pessoa training system. Always remember that proper fitting and use are to the next instruction.

Final Thoughts

In conclusion, side reins can be a valuable training tool to develop your horse's strength, balance, and suppleness when used correctly and thoughtfully. However, improper usage can lead to discomfort and injury. Therefore, always use side reins under the guidance of a knowledgeable trainer and consider them as one aspect of a comprehensive training program. Monitor your horse's response carefully, adjust the reins as necessary, and don't shy away from exploring other training methods that can better suit your horse's individual needs.

Richard Sutherland

RichardSutherland@bitsnspurs.org

Richard is a western lifestyle author for Bits N' Spurs, the weekly newsletter that keeps pace with today's rodeo. His articles are featured on dozens of rodeo and Western related websites and provide a window to the world of cowboy culture.