Pro's & Cons of Horse Shelters + How To Build Them
Horses are beautiful creatures that require proper care and attention, especially when it comes to providing them with shelter. Choosing the right type of horse shelter can make a significant difference in their overall health and well-being.
With a range of options available, it can be hard to decide which type of shelter is best for your horses.
In this article, we will explore five different types of horse shelters, including their advantages and disadvantages, to help you make an informed decision on what will work best for your horses. From run-in shelters to horse trailers, we'll take a closer look at each type to determine which one is ideal for your equine friends, plus how to build or acquire each one.
5 Types of Horse Shelters
When it comes to providing horses with shelter, there are a variety of options to choose from. The 5 main types of horse shelters are run-in shelters, pole barns, portable horse shelters, lean-to shelters, and horse trailers.
Run-in Shelters
A run-in shelter is an open-air structure with three sides and a roof that provides horses with protection from the elements. This type of shelter is often placed in a pasture or paddock, allowing horses to come and go as they please. Run-in shelters are relatively easy to construct and provide horses with a natural environment.
Pole Barns
A pole barn is a more permanent structure that is typically made of wood or metal. It provides horses with a fully enclosed shelter, protecting them from the elements and providing storage space for feed, hay, and other supplies. Pole barns are usually more expensive to build than run-in shelters but offer greater protection and durability.
Portable Horse Shelters
Portable horse shelters are lightweight and easy to move, making them ideal for horse owners who frequently change pasture locations. These shelters are typically made of lightweight metal or canvas and can be assembled quickly and easily.
Lean-to Shelters
A lean-to shelter is a simple structure that provides horses with shelter on one side while using an existing structure, such as a barn or shed, for support. This type of shelter is less expensive than a pole barn and provides horses with protection from the wind and rain.
Horse Trailers
Horse trailers can provide temporary shelter for horses when traveling or when a more permanent shelter is not available. They offer a secure and enclosed environment for the horses and can be customized to fit the specific needs of the animals.
Run-In Horse Shelters
A run-in shelter is a type of shelter that provides horses with an open-air structure that they can enter and exit as they please. They’re typically made up of three walls and a roof, with the fourth side remaining open.
Pro’s
Run-in shelters offer several advantages. For one, they’re less expensive than traditional barns or stables. They also provide horses with a safe place to rest and shelter from the elements. Horses can enter and exit the shelter as they please, which allows them to move around and stay comfortable.
Additionally, run-in shelters can help reduce the amount of maintenance required for horse care. With an open design, the shelter is less likely to get dirty or require cleaning. This is especially helpful for those who have multiple horses or limited time to dedicate to cleaning.
Con’s
While run-in shelters have their advantages, there are also a few drawbacks to consider. For one, they may not be suitable for horses that need more individual attention or specialized care. They also may not be ideal for areas with harsh weather conditions, as horses may not be fully protected from the elements.
Another potential disadvantage is that run-in shelters may attract more pests, such as flies, due to the open-air design. Additionally, horses may create muddy conditions around the shelter, especially if the area is not properly drained.
How To Build A Run-In Shelter
Choose a location: Select a location for your shelter that is easily accessible for horses and can provide good drainage. It should also be situated in an area that has natural wind protection.
Gather materials: You will need several materials to build a run-in shelter for horses, including pressure-treated posts, 2x4s, roofing material, and exterior-grade plywood. Never use wood or metal siding for a run-in shelter. These can be dangerous and cause serious injuries if horses kick through the materials and try to pull a leg back through the jagged edges. Always line a run-in shelter with oak boards up to a height of 4 feet. Remember, it's important to ensure that the shelter is large enough to accommodate the number of horses that will be using it and that it is structurally sound and safe for the animals.
Build the frame: Start by building the frame of the shelter. This includes the four corner posts and additional posts for support. Use pressure-treated wood to ensure durability.
Add the roofing: Once the frame is complete, add the roofing material. The roofing should extend over the edges of the shelter to provide adequate protection from the elements.
Install the walls: The walls of the shelter should be made from exterior-grade plywood. They should be high enough to provide adequate protection from the wind and rain, but low enough to allow horses to easily enter and exit.
Add the doors: You will need to add doors to the front of the shelter to allow horses to enter and exit. Make sure the doors are wide enough for horses to easily pass through.
Finish with appropriate flooring: Consider finishing the interior of the shelter with appropriate flooring such as gravel, sand, or rubber mats to ensure cleanliness and prevent mud accumulation.
Make finishing touches: Lastly, consider adding finishing touches such as gutters and downspouts to manage water runoff, and paint or stain to provide additional protection from the elements.
Pole Barns
Pole barns have become popular among horse owners looking for a more permanent and substantial shelter for their animals. These barns consist of a pressure treated wooden frames, or a metal frame, and is usually made from poles or posts with a metal or shingled roof. They offer a range of benefits and drawbacks.
Pros
Pole barns are built to last, and with proper maintenance, they can remain functional for decades. The wooden posts are set deep into the ground, providing a strong foundation that can withstand the elements. They also provide excellent protection from the weather, keeping horses dry and warm in the winter and cool in the summer. They also protect horses from wind and snow, which can be particularly important in colder climates.
Pole barns offer ample space for horses, allowing them to move around freely and engage in natural behaviors such as lying down and rolling. The open floor plan also makes it easy to store hay, feed, and other supplies. And pole barns can be customized to meet the specific needs of the horses and the owner. They can be built with stalls, tack rooms, and other features, and can be designed to fit in with the surrounding landscape.
Cons
Pole barns are more expensive to build than other types of horse shelters, such as run-in sheds. The cost can vary depending on the size and materials used, but it's not uncommon for a pole barn to cost tens of thousands of dollars. While pole barns are durable, they do require regular maintenance to ensure they remain in good condition. This can include checking the roof for leaks, treating the wood to prevent rot, and repairing any damage caused by weather or pests.
Depending on where you live, you may need to obtain permits and adhere to zoning regulations to build a pole barn. This can add additional costs and delays to the construction process. Pole barns can take several weeks or even months to build, which can be inconvenient for horse owners who need a shelter quickly. It's important to plan ahead and allow enough time for the construction process.
How To Build A Pole Barn
It is recommended to consult with a professional builder or architect for specific design and construction requirements, as well as for obtaining necessary permits and following local building codes.
Plan and design: The first step in building a pole barn is to plan and design the structure. Determine the size of the barn and the number of stalls needed for your horses, and decide on the materials and features you want to include. Sketch out a rough design or consult with a professional architect to create detailed blueprints.
Obtain permits: Depending on where you live, you may need to obtain permits and adhere to zoning regulations before you can start building. Check with your local building department to determine what permits and inspections are required.
Site preparation: Before you can start building, you need to prepare the site. Clear the area of trees, rocks, and other obstacles, and level the ground as much as possible. You may need to excavate the site and pour a concrete foundation, or you may be able to use the existing soil as a base.
Install poles: The poles, or posts, are the backbone of the pole barn. They should be set deep into the ground, usually at least 4 feet deep and spaced 8-12 feet apart. The poles can be made of wood or metal, and should be braced securely to ensure the stability of the structure.
Install roof trusses: Once the poles are in place, install the roof trusses. These are the support beams that hold up the roof and provide the structure with rigidity. The trusses can be made of wood or metal, and should be securely bolted or welded to the poles.
Install roofing and siding: With the roof trusses in place, you can install the roofing and siding. Choose a material that is durable and weather-resistant, such as metal or asphalt shingles.
Finishing touches: Add doors, windows, and any other finishing touches to complete the pole barn.
Portable Horse Shelters
Portable horse shelters, also known as portable horse barns, are temporary or semi-permanent structures designed to provide shelter for horses. These structures are typically made of lightweight materials such as metal or canvas and are easy to assemble and disassemble.
Pros
The main advantage of portable horse shelters is that they are easy to move. This allows you to provide your horse with shelter wherever it is needed, whether at home or at a show or event. They are often less expensive than traditional barns or stables. This makes them a good option for horse owners who need a temporary or cost-effective solution. Portable horse shelters are typically easy to assemble and disassemble. This means that you can set up a shelter quickly and easily, without the need for extensive construction.
Cons
Portable horse shelters are typically smaller than traditional barns or stables, which can limit the amount of space available for your horse and its equipment. They are typically not as durable as traditional barns or stables. They are more susceptible to damage from weather, wind, and other elements. Portable horse shelters are typically designed as a one-size-fits-all solution, which means that there may be limited options for customization.
It is important to carefully consider your specific needs and the needs of your horse when deciding whether a portable horse shelter is the right option. While they may be a good solution for some horse owners, they may not be the best choice for others. It is recommended to consult with a professional before making a final decision.
How To Build A Portable Horse Shelter
Choose a site: Select a level area with good drainage for the shelter. Make sure it is easily accessible for both horses and people.
Choose materials: Decide on the materials you will use to build the shelter. Portable horse shelters are often made of lightweight materials such as metal or canvas.
Design the shelter: Decide on the size and design of the shelter. Consider the number of horses that will be using the shelter, as well as any equipment or feed storage needs.
Build the frame: Build the frame of the shelter using the chosen materials. This may involve assembling metal panels or constructing a frame from wood or PVC pipe.
Add the roof: Install a durable and weather-resistant roof over the frame of the shelter. This may involve attaching metal roofing panels or covering the frame with canvas.
Add walls and doors: Depending on the design of the shelter, you may need to add walls and doors to enclose the space.
Add finishing touches: Add any necessary finishing touches, such as ventilation, lighting, or insulation.
Once the portable horse shelter is built, it can be easily moved to different locations as needed. It is important to ensure that the shelter is securely anchored to the ground to prevent it from being blown over or damaged by strong winds. Additionally, it is recommended to regularly inspect the shelter for any signs of damage or wear and tear, and to make any necessary repairs or replacements.
Lean-To Horse Shelters
Lean-to shelters are a type of horse shelter that is designed to attach to an existing structure, such as a barn or arena. They are typically open on one side and feature a sloping roof that provides protection from the elements.
Pros
Lean-to shelters are relatively easy to install, as they attach to an existing structure. This can save time and money compared to building a new shelter from scratch. Because lean-to shelters utilize an existing structure, they are often a cost-effective option for providing additional shelter for horses.
Lean-to shelters take up less space than standalone shelters, making them a good option for smaller properties. The open side of a lean-to shelter allows for good ventilation, which can help to prevent respiratory issues in horses.
Cons
Lean-to shelters are typically smaller than standalone shelters, which may limit the amount of space available for horses and equipment. Because lean-to shelters are open on one side, they may not provide as much protection from the elements as fully enclosed shelters.
In order to install a lean-to shelter, you need an existing structure to attach it to. This may not be an option for all properties. Because lean-to shelters are attached to an existing structure, they may require more maintenance than standalone shelters.
It is important to carefully consider your specific needs and the needs of your horses when deciding whether a lean-to shelter is the right option. While they may be a good solution for some horse owners, they may not be the best choice for others. It is recommended to consult with a professional before making a final decision.
How To Build A Lean-To Horse Shelter
Choose a location: Select a location that is close to the existing structure that the lean-to will attach to. Ensure that the location is level and provides good drainage.
Design the shelter: Determine the size and design of the lean-to shelter based on the number of horses that will use it, as well as any equipment or storage needs.
Gather materials: Purchase or gather the materials needed to build the shelter. This may include wood or metal framing, roofing material, and hardware.
Build the frame: Build the frame of the lean-to shelter, ensuring that it is securely anchored to the existing structure. This may involve using bolts or screws to attach the frame to the structure.
Install the roof: Install a sloping roof on the frame of the shelter. This may involve attaching metal roofing panels or covering the frame with shingles or other roofing material.
Add walls: Depending on the design of the shelter, you may need to add walls to enclose the space. These may be made of wood, metal panels, or other materials.
Add finishing touches: Add any necessary finishing touches, such as ventilation, lighting, or insulation.
Once the lean-to horse shelter is built, it can provide additional shelter and protection for horses while also being attached to an existing structure. It is important to ensure that the lean-to is securely anchored to the existing structure to prevent it from being damaged or becoming a safety hazard. Additionally, regular maintenance and inspections should be performed to ensure that the shelter remains in good condition and can provide adequate protection for horses.
Horse Trailer
When getting a horse trailer, it is important to consider factors such as size, weight capacity, and towing requirements, as well as the safety and comfort of the horses during transport. It is recommended to consult with a professional or experienced horse owner before making a purchase or rental decision.
Pros
Horse trailers can be easily moved from one location to another, making them a good option for horse owners who travel frequently or need to move their horses to different locations. Horse trailers can be purchased or rented at a lower cost than traditional horse shelters, making them a cost-effective solution for providing temporary or mobile shelter.
Horse trailers can be used for a variety of purposes, including transport and temporary shelter during shows or events. Horse trailers are designed to protect horses from the elements during transport, so they can also provide good protection from the weather when used as a shelter.
Cons
Horse trailers are typically smaller than traditional horse shelters, so they may not provide as much space for horses or equipment. Horse trailers may not provide as much ventilation as traditional horse shelters, which can lead to respiratory issues in horses.
Horse trailers require regular maintenance and cleaning to ensure that they remain in good condition and do not become a safety hazard for horses. Horse trailers may not be suitable for long-term use as a horse shelter, especially if they are not designed for it. They may not be as sturdy or durable as traditional horse shelters.
It is important to carefully consider your specific needs and the needs of your horses when deciding whether to use a horse trailer as a horse shelter. While they may be a good solution for some horse owners, they may not be the best choice for others. It is recommended to consult with a professional before making a final decision. Additionally, if using a horse trailer as a shelter, ensure that it is parked on a level surface and securely anchored to prevent it from being blown over or becoming a safety hazard.
How To Get A Horse Trailer
Purchase: One of the most common ways to get a horse trailer is to purchase one from a dealer, manufacturer, or private seller. Horse trailers come in a variety of sizes and styles, and prices can vary widely depending on the type and condition of the trailer.
Rent: You may choose to rent a horse trailer for a short period of time, such as for a show or event.
Borrow: You may also choose to borrow a horse trailer from a neighbor or friend, if they're not using it and you won't need it long term.
Lease: Some horse trailer dealers or manufacturers may offer leasing options, which can be a good option if you need a trailer for a specific period of time but do not want to commit to purchasing one.
Final Thoughts
Ultimately, the type of shelter you choose will depend on your budget, location, and specific needs. But it's important to consider factors such as weather patterns, horse behavior, and pasture size when selecting a shelter. Providing horses with proper shelter is crucial to their overall health and well-being. Each type of horse shelter has it's own unique advantages and disadvantages. But no matter which types you choose, just make sure it meets the specific needs of your horses and your situation.
Richard Sutherland
RichardSutherland@bitsnspurs.orgRichard is a western lifestyle author for Bits N' Spurs, the weekly newsletter that keeps pace with today's rodeo. His articles are featured on dozens of rodeo and Western related websites and provide a window to the world of cowboy culture.